Posts Tagged ‘methods’

I was discussing the importance of “core purpose” with a client when their newest team member (a newly minted marketing MBA) piped up and argued that “The core purpose of a business is to make money.” I was gobsmacked. (Really? That’s what they’re teaching? What do you call an observation that is simultaneously obvious and useless?)

In September 1996, Built To Last authors Collins and Porras observed in the Harvard Business Review, “Companies that enjoy enduring success have core values and a core purpose that remain fixed while their business strategies and practices endlessly adapt to a changing world.” They go on to say that companies that do “have historically outperformed the general stock market by a factor of 12.” By contrast, those that don’t often find themselves scurrying after minor market opportunities and living off the crumbs left by more successful competitors.

The article, Building Your Company’s Vision, is part of the collection HBR’s 10 Must Reads On Strategy.  The Kitchen highly recommends reading it cover to cover. Until you find the time, here’s the gist reduced to a single illustration.

Companies that enjoy enduring success have core values and a core purpose that remain fixed while their business strategies endlessly adapt to a changing world.

This picture says you need to have a goal. Not just hitting this year’s revenue numbers, but a Big Hairy Audacious Goal — something like “displacing Microsoft” or “a store in every town in America.”  That goal should be a byproduct of your adding value to the world in ways that no other company can — your envisioned future. (Henry Ford envisioned a world where the streets were free of horse dung because every man owned a car. Seriously.) You get there by leveraging your core technology into a unique and compelling value proposition delivered by a business model designed to capture the market. When things get ambiguous, you and everyone in the company can make good decisions focusing on the company’s core purpose and not straying from its core values.

Sound like too much “peace and love?” Anyone who is invested in your company for the long term will love it. And it will bring you peace of mind.

Good brands last by evolving with the times. That means a good brand strategy doesn’t just position a brand at a moment in time, but establishes a direction for the brand to evolve and innovate as new competitors emerge and categories evolve. Your brand direction should be aspirational and extensible. It is not a thing to be achieved, but a direction in which to strive.

Brands that are defined by a position rather than a direction eventually become irrelevant. Take FedEx, the first overnight delivery company. Its position was clear: “When you absolutely positively have to get there overnight.” Then competitors moved in. And the category became too small. With no clear brand direction pointing where to go, FedEx now struggles to say what it stands for.

There are five potential directions from which you should choose the best single direction for your company:

1. Category: it’s about perpetual product leadership
2. Core technology: it’s about forever leveraging the essence that powers what you deliver into more products and services
3. Market: it’s about fulfilling more of the unmet needs of a particular market segment
4. Core belief: it’s about a principal that drives everything the company does
5. Vision: it’s about how your company is helping make the world a better place

Start by defining each direction, like we’ve done for Dangerous Kitchen below. When you’re done, each direction will feel like a piece of a harmonious whole, and you won’t want to choose. But you must. For example, we’ve chosen to continually push the limits of our category.

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Realize that over time, the pieces will drift apart. Knowing your direction now will let you know what to let go of and what to drive toward as your world changes.

If you’re not doing a Voice Of The Customer (VOC) project, you should. Just be careful how you use what you learn.

Don Draper said it back in 1964, "A new idea is something they don’t know yet. So of course it’s not going to come up as an option." — Mad Men, Season 4, Episode 4

Using VOC to benchmark how well you are meeting expectations is a fine practice — for operations. However, using VOC as input for designing new products or services is the beginning of the end.

Why? In VOC, customer wants and needs are defined in terms of satisfaction with current alternatives. When customers tell you what’s good, what’s bad, or even what’s missing from your product or service, their answers are bounded by their alternatives. You can ask “blue sky” or “magic wand” questions all day long, but if it doesn’t exist, customers can’t want it.

It’s natural to want to listen to what customers ask for and give it to them. It seems predictable. And because of its origins in QFD, it’s defensible. Just don’t expect it to produce anything innovative.

Instead, recognize VOC as a potentially commoditizing force. By the time your new product or service is launched, it will look even more like your competitor’s. After all, they are listening to the voice of the customer too.

Positioning your product or service is probably a waste of time.

First of all, it’s hard. Saying specifically and succinctly what you are means saying very generally what you are not —  a difficult thing for those who talk to shareholders. That’s why taglines like The ultimate driving machine are so rare, while taglines like Quality in everything we do are so commonplace. (Yes, that’s a real tagline).

The solution: don’t even try. Instead, recognize that people don’t care what you say about your products. They care what your products say about them.

The ultimate driving machine says, “Hello, I’m the ultimate driver.” By contrast, Quality in everything we do says, “Hello, I’m satisfied by good-enough.” Amping up the enthusiasm doesn’t help:  The relentless pursuit of perfection simply says, “Hello, I’m an uptight, overly controlling, type A who is constantly disappointed by those around me.” (This is not how I want to be introduced at a party.)

So break out the “Hello, I’m _______” stickers and pass them around. When your team comes up with a statement your customers would be proud to wear, you may have something worth building a brand on.

Assuming this is truly the end of the recession, we can all look forward to a spate of product innovations unlike any since World War II. These products will solve previously unknown problems in brilliant new ways and make their manufacturers millions. If you’re in the business of designing, making or delivering products, the anticipation can be thrilling . . . or daunting.

After all, how exactly do you innovate? Tons have been written on the subject, and yet innovation still comes off as requiring either genius or black magic. If your company lacks a systematic framework for doing innovation, it’s not prepared for this new global economy.

Here’s ours. It’s not really magic: it just works that way.

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Buyers are complex, goal-driven analyzers and organizers of the world around them who are uncompromising when assessing their own experience. Our machine lets you design or adjust that experience by turning a few metaphoric dials.

Here’s how it works. People buy products to achieve outcomes. But rarely can they achieve those outcomes with a product alone. Products often need other products or services to form more complete systems, which in turn may need some kind of infrastructure (e.g., electricity, a road, etc.) to make the product go. Even then the user may need other requisites to use the product — anything from additional people to specialized skills. And of course, not all users are the same. They may use the product in very different contexts — for different purposes, in different environments, in different time frames.

When people evaluate a product, they weigh the outcomes achieved against the requisites required. Whether you’re a product manager, CEO, engineer or whatever, your job as an innovator is to maximize the outcomes while minimizing the required requisites. You do this by modifying the product, the system or the context in which it’s used.

Let’s take an easy one, Coca-Cola. Coke didn’t come in bottles until someone imagined users consuming it in a context other than the soda shop. That idea led to eliminating the requisites of a soda fountain (infrastructure) and the skills to use it — dramatically changing the outcome-requisite equation. Questioning the system comprising grocery stores led to vending machines. Rethinking the purpose led to Diet Coke.

Innovation can be hard to come by if you try to ideate too much at once. Instead focus on very discrete aspects of the user experience as defined in our innovation machine. It works, like magic.

It’s an old story…

Guy goes into the hardware store looking for a drill bit. Every marketer in the world will tell you: this guy doesn’t have a drill bit problem, he’s got a hole problem, just like we all learned in Marketing 101 — you don’t sell features (drill bits), you sell benefits (holes).

Only thing is, that’s not the whole story.

Focus solely on features and benefits and you might be blindsided into offering products that, for all their “superiority,” don’t add up to a superior brand experience. For that, you need to understand context:

• Who are the users of your products?
• What purposes do they use them for?
• What are the systems your products are used within?
• Do you own these systems as well?

By understanding context, you can provide a balance of features and benefits that add up to brand success. How do you get there? It takes a methodology that pulls together the elements of context, systems, products, requisites and desired outcomes to create a blueprint for user experiences that push your product way up the x axis of Brand Significance.

The iPod is a great example.

Apple didn’t simply provide a cool music player (features). And it went well beyond providing an anywhere/anytime personal music system (benefits).

Apple understood how people experience music in the context of their daily lives, and provided an entire system that delivers the experience in three, seamlessly integrated products whose features are perfectly suited to their unique needs: listening (the iPod), organizing (iTunes) and acquiring (the iTunes store).

The result is unparalleled brand experience that enriches people’s lives — and Apple’s pocket book.

One of the great things about starting Dangerous Kitchen is the opportunity to reinvent our methods and approaches to marketing. Today I’m rethinking the creative brief.

The template I use is a compilation of ideas from some truly great strategists and creative directors. I like it because it’s tight: just 5 questions.

1. Who are we talking to?
2. What do they currently think?
3. What do we want them to think?
4. Why should they believe it?
5. How is the message being delivered?

But it has a major flaw, specifically question 3, What do we want them to think? This could imply that the creative should change the consumer’s mind. That’s not only impossible, it’s . . . well, dangerous. It is the marketing equivalent of arguing with your customer.

For example, I suspect people will continue to think Toyotas are more reliable than Fords — despite the recalls. And the 30 years of “Quality is job one” advertising won’t help Ford usurp that spot. Ford stands for found on road dead and fix or repair daily because Ford argued with consumers — telling them their perception of poor quality was wrong.

Here’s my fix, and I welcome your feedback. Our job is not to change what people think; it’s to ask them to think something new. In other words . . .

3. What would we like them to think — that they haven’t already thought of?

If the message is remotely plausible, they might just believe it.

Like this: Tell me the company that makes powerful Mustangs and F-150 trucks also makes the most powerful hybrids? I’ll buy that.